Introduction
Last updated on 2026-02-06 | Edit this page
Estimated time: 12 minutes
Overview
Questions
- Why might a paper be retracted?
- How do paper retractions relate to integrity?
- What do we mean by research integrity?
Objectives
- Describe factors contributing to paper retractions
- Describe components of research integrity
- Explain how lack of integrity could lead to a paper retraction
Risks of retraction
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What are the risks?
Which of the following could result in a paper being retracted?
- Hallucinated citations
- Conflict of interest
- Falsified data
- Misleading conclusions
All of these problems could/should require the paper to be retracted.
- Papers may be retracted by an author or the journal’s editorial team.
- Integrity concerns may be a factor in retraction.
- There are multiple dimensions to integrity.